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The Science of Exploding Beer Cans

Matthew Farber, PhD, shares common reasons why beer cans fail and what you can do to prevent potentially dangerous or embarrassing packaging mishaps.

Matthew Farber Mar 5, 2019 - 6 min read

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“It was like gun shots ringing out from the warehouse,” said an anonymous employee of a distributor as an entire pallet of beer popped can by can. The brewery didn’t assume responsibility but instead blamed the distributor for excessive temperatures in storage.

At a retail location, distended and ruptured cans from another brewery were strewn across the floor of a window display, having fallen from their shelves. Sunlight exposure and excessive temperatures were again blamed for the misfortune. What causes exploding beer cans? Will a rise in temperature alone create enough pressure for a can to burst?

Can Integrity and Fill Volume

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is very soluble in beer, but as the temperature increases, gas solubility decreases. In other words, when a beer warms, it loses carbonation because the gas comes out of the beer. In a closed container, the CO2 has nowhere to go but the headspace of the can; thus the pressure increases.

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